This project investigates the origins and historical demography of island birds, specifically within the tropical and subtropical islands in the Pacific Ocean and on islands in the Indonesian archipelago. This project is an expansion and continuation of an earlier project focusing on just one group of birds, the Paradise Crows (genus Lycocorax), which are endemic to the Moluccas. In this expanded project I continues along the lines set up by this earlier project and I will look at similar questions at other islands and other groups of birds in order to compare patterns between groups and regions. In the first of these studies, I will look at three closely related, but extinct, species on the island Hawaii in the Hawaiian archipelago. These three species were all discovered between 1887 and 1891, but all three had gone extinct within five years of their discovery; one of them was only seen the year it was discovered. In this study, I will look at the processes behind both the speciation and extinction of these three species. I will do population genomics on preserved specimens in museum collections and use genome data to study, e.g., the divergence times between the species, degree of historic and recent gene flow, degree of inbreeding and genetic variation at the time of extinction.