Using blood samples (and DNA) and ecological data of about 1400 individuals that had bred at Uppsala (2001-2018) we intend to first investigate candidate genes linked to presently non-adaptive /adaptive habitat choice (i.e. ecological trap choice) and to breeding time. Based on our own annotated reference genome of a local wheatear (TPärt_19244) and another reference genome of a closely related species (O. melanoleuca) and the WGS data we will do a GWAS linking to phenotypic data of individuals. Habitat preference is a central fitness factor that always has been under strong adaptive selection but that today seems to be non-adaptive due to rapid human caused changes in the environment. Similarly, individual breeding time (important fitness factor) is changing rapidly and warmer springs have caused these birds to breed earlier but not as early as expected by the increased temperatures in spring. Both these fitness traits have a great phenotypic variation and breeding time also display some additive genetic variation (h2 ≈ 0.20) why we would like to search for genes linked to these traits and to see whether genetic variation has changed across generations. Naturally there are also other traits we can look into later and another exciting part of the project is to investigate population history of selection and population bottlenecks etc. in relation to agricultural change.