Loss of biodiversity is an issue of global conservation concern. Many factors contribute to biodiversity loss, with human-driven land cover change and resulting habitat loss widely recognized as one of the major factors. Habitat loss often occurs simultaneously with habitat fragmentation when areas of habitat are converted to other land uses and the remaining available habitat is left split into multiple smaller, more isolated patches. While this combined process is accepted as having a negative impact on biodiversity, there is an ongoing debate as to how the arrangement and spatial configuration of habitat might influence biodiversity when it is considered independently of the process of habitat loss (e.g. Fletcher et al. 2018; Fahrig et al. 2019; Gonçalves-Souza et al. 2025). Understanding these independent effects is especially important when there is a limited amount of land available for biodiversity conservation. Optimizing the arrangement and design of these remaining habitat areas can help maximize the impacts of conservation efforts. There are still many knowledge gaps about how habitat design affects biodiversity. Habitat arrangement can affect the ease (or difficulty) with which organisms can move through a landscape (functional connectivity). High functional connectivity can help to counteract declines in genetic diversity and population size. Knowledge about predictors of functional connectivity in insect populations is limited despite the ecological importance of insects. In this project, I will build on prior results showing loss of genetic diversity in the grassland-specialized lesser bluewing butterfly (Cupido minimus) as a result of grassland habitat loss. My objective is to quantify the genetic diversity and small-scale population structure in a southern Sweden pollinator species and examine whether habitat arrangement influences patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation. This information will be important when planning conservation measures to counteract the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, both for grassland butterflies and pollinators more generally.