We recently completed a project in which approximately 50 women participated in a two-condition within-subjects study. In one condition, participants were kept awake for an entire night (total sleep deprivation, as occurs in night shift work). In the other condition, they were allowed an 8-hour sleep opportunity during the night. After each night, vaginal samples were collected and stored in a freezer for vaginal microbiome analysis. The DNA has since been extracted, and the microbiome has been sequenced. Together with Paulo and Juan, we will use UPPMAX to conduct the analysis, aimed at investigating whether one night of sleep loss, as occurs in night shift workers, can alter the vaginal microbiome. The vaginal microbiome collected after one night of regular sleep will serve as a reference. A strength of our study is that we used a within-subject design, which allows for direct comparison within the same individuals. Additionally, we measured ovarian hormones (estradiol and progesterone), which enables us to examine whether individual differences in the vaginal microbiome between sleep loss and sleep conditions may be correlated with estradiol, progesterone, or their ratio.