SUPR
A climate-informed framework for the design of future crops
Dnr:

NAISS 2024/23-723

Type:

NAISS Small Storage

Principal Investigator:

Kevin Sartori

Affiliation:

Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet

Start Date:

2024-12-18

End Date:

2025-07-01

Primary Classification:

40402: Genetics and Breeding in Agricultural Sciences

Webpage:

Allocation

Abstract

Decades of crop breeding behind led to high, stable and predictable yields under predictable climatic conditions. But recent global changes brought new challenges including global warming, precipitation changes and short-term climatic changes, causing stagnation or drops of common breed yields. The recent massive reduction in sequencing costs offers new avenue for crop breeders. Large-scale sequencing from wild cultivars and landraces from over the world increased the allelic pool breeders have access to for species enhancement. We were granted for a project that aim at testing an innovative climate-informed framework to accelerate the design of crops adapted to future North European climates. By identifying landraces thriving in current climates that resemble future North European climates, we aim to identify alleles optimizing crop performances under these conditions. Our research here focuses on Barley, the fourth world most productive cereal. Barley has a high economic value in Sweden, and is an important food source in many countries around the world. Researchers at the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) have genotyped a total of 22,626 barley samples and made publicly available Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) matrices, phenotypic data and metadata, including their provenance. Using the resources provided by the PDC Center for High-Performance Computing, we plan to download the genetic data and extract present and future bioclimatic information from all available barley samples. We will further perform genetic differentiation analyses, and genome-wide association analyses, genotype-environment association (GEA) tests and niche modelling. With this approach, several studies have demonstrated wild relative and landraces' potential to serve as a source of adaptive alleles for elite cultivars.