This project, pursues to determine, at single-cell level, codon-anticodon interactions in both healthy and diseased states, contributing to uncover malignancy-specific patterns. To that goal, the primary focus will be on deciphering tRNA anticodons and mRNA codons relationships during diseases (e.g. cancer, neurodegenerative illnesses), across life span and evolution, based on publicly available single-cell RNA-seq (codon assessment) and single-cell ATAC-seq (anticodon assessment) data. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms involved will be explored by post-transcriptionally assessing mRNA and tRNA gene regulators, as well as by testing potential drivers of dysregulation. Simultaneously, the RNA-binding protein (RBP) gene expression at single-cell level will be investigated trying to shed light on whether there are cell-type specific expression patterns governing transcriptional outputs.