Newts own an extraordinary regeneration ability of central nervous system (CNS) which mammals do not have. It is important to reveal why newts have such regeneration ability and if it can be adapted to mammals. In this project, we will conduct single-cell RNAseq on newt CNS. The analysis will reveal how newt neural stem cells become quiescent during development, how newt neural stem cells are reactivated upon neuronal damages, and what are the cellular and molecular differences between newts and mammals in injury responses.