The Royal Ship Kronan, one of the largest and most impressive ships of its time, exploded and sank in the Baltic Sea in 1676. Archaeological excavations have recovered numerous finds including a large assemblage of human remains belonging to the Kronans crew. In line with the findings, archaeogenomic studies of Kronan individuals holds a great potential, complementing the classic archaeology by highlighting the genetic characterization of the crew. Archaeogenomics has been developing as a promising tool to resolve major questions in archaeology, anthropology and evolutionary biology, such as demographic history, genetic and social structures of past populations including phenotypic traits of ancient individuals. The proposed project aims to study the genetic structure of the Kronans crew by examining samples from over 100 individuals, and to provide new data from the genetic history of 17-century Sweden through the massive human assemblage from Kronan. For this, in depth genome-wide analysis, using demography, genetic kinship, molecular sex and polygenic traits estimates, will be applied to genomic data generated within the project. This project will provide the first insights into the genetic architecture of a warship crew and, in fact, will be the first of its kind to address conditions in 17-century Sweden. The proposed project will further produce rich material for reuse by archaeogenomics and archaeology communities, and thereby significantly contribute to the field.