This project will produce the first phylogeny of Posoqueria, a tropical group of plants in the coffee family Rubiaceae. The phylogeny will be used to assess the circumscription of Posoqueria, to test whether the actinomorphic species form a monophyletic group, and to examine the monophyly of the widespread species Posoqueria latifolia. Here, we will use a cutting-edge DNA next-generation sequencing technology, representing one of the first evolutionary studies of this kind for a genus in the family, which will provide a systematic evaluation of the group and has a huge potential of detecting taxonomic novelties, generating useful information for the understanding and conservation of the Neotropical flora.