Improved rolling contact fatigue properties and wear resistance are essential for bearing steels. Bearing steel can contain martensite, retained austenite, and carbides in its microstructure. Martensite in the microstructure would provide the required properties for the bearings. Retained austenite can have either a beneficial or detrimental effect. In service, retained austenite transforms into martensite. The austenite to martensite transformation can be induced by stress or strain. Transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) can lead to shape changes and dimensional instability, residual stresses in the structure, and enhance fatigue life span by inhibiting the propagation of fatigue cracks. By controlling the fraction and stability of retained austenite as a function of stress, the performance of bearings can be improved. A multi-length scale approach and various simulation tools will be used to study and optimize retained austenite stability. Crystal plasticity simulations based on finite element methods will provide the possibility of studying the effect of factors that govern the stability of retained austenite, such as crystallographic orientation and grain morphology. To predict the stability of austenite, crystal plasticity constitutive models will be developed that account for TRIP behavior. The crystallographic orientations and phase fractions for crystal plasticity simulations would be obtained by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) characterization.