Mutant breeding has an important role in plant breeding programs to improve the agronomic traits of the crops. By using mutagenesis approach, we developed a large population of diverged mutant wheat lines. Each wheat population contains over 2000 unique wheat lines each harboring more than 700 000 unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The populations will be screened to identify wheat lines that have a good agronomic trait to the changing climatic conditions. Wheat lines identified with a strong phenotypic trait of interest will be selected for forward genetics via sequencing the genomes and transcriptome of the mutant lines. The genome sequencing of the mutant lines will help in identifying the whole spectrum of the sequence variations (such as SNPs) among the mutant lines. Thus, the genomic data can be used for associating the genotypes to specific traits and the transcriptomics data can be used for identifying the co-expressed gene modules that are closely linked to different phenotypic traits of interest.