Type 1 diabetes were very poor with high rates of serious complications including miscarriages,
congenital malformations, and stillbirths, even with the more intensive control of blood glucose pre-pregnancy.
The glucose and HIF-1 signaling is dysregulated in diabetes, and maternal glucose and oxygen are transferred to the fetus across the placenta down a concentration gradient. Therefore, we set out to investigate how diabetes in pregnancy affects the trophoblast implantation, proliferation, invasion, villous differentiation, and placental mass expansion by combining histological features and expression and DNA-methylation profiles from multiple fetal and adult tissues in STZ induced T1D mice. Also, We propose to investigate the HIF-1α inhibitor’s effects on fetal hyperglycemia.